Method of overwriting data in write-once information storage medium and data recording and/or reproducing apparatus for write-once information storage medium

ABSTRACT

A method of overwriting data in a write-once information storage medium and a data recording and/or reproducing apparatus provided for overwriting data in such a write-once information storage medium. In the data overwriting method, a command to overwrite new data in a first area of the write-once information storage medium where data has already been recorded is issued. Then, the first area is considered as a defective area, and the new data is recorded in a second area. Thereafter, updated defect management information, including information about the locations of the first and second areas, is recorded in the write-once information storage medium. Accordingly, overwriting can be performed in write-once information storage media, which is incapable of physical overwriting, by using a logical overwriting technique. Thus, data recorded in the write-once information storage medium may be changed or updated.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 11/782,022filed on Jul. 24, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,545,710, which is acontinuation of application Ser. No. 10/806,347 filed on Mar. 23, 2004,now U.S. Pat. No. 7,272,086, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Application Nos. 60/456,559 filed on Mar. 24, 2003 and60/473,894 filed on May 29, 2003, and Korean Patent Application Nos.2003-18213 filed on Mar. 24, 2003, 2003-60545 filed on Aug. 30, 2003,and 2004-14247 filed on Mar. 3, 2004, in the Korean IntellectualProperty Office. The disclosures of application Ser. Nos. 10/806,347 and11/782,022, U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 60/456,559 and 60/473,894,and Korean Patent Application Nos. 2003-18213, 2003-60545, and2004-14247 are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to write-once information storage media,and more particularly, to a method of overwriting data in a write-onceinformation storage medium and a data recording and/or reproducingapparatus for the write-once information storage medium.

2. Description of the Related Art

Rewritable information storage media can be overwritten with new data inan area occupied with data. However, write-once information storagemedia can be written with information in a data-recordable area onlyonce. Hence, data cannot be overwritten in write-once informationstorage media, and the already recorded data cannot be deleted orchanged.

Typically, a predetermined area in a user data area of an informationstorage medium is set to store a file system including a variety ofinformation about data recorded on the information storage medium.

In a rewritable information storage medium, an updated file system canbe overwritten in a predetermined area occupied with an old file system,so that the area for storing file systems is fixed. On the other hand,write-once information storage media may not be overwritten.Accordingly, an updated file system must be written in an area otherthan the area where an old file system has already been recorded.

Since a conventional data recording and/or reproducing apparatus isdesigned to read out a file system from only a fixed area of aninformation storage medium, the conventional system cannot read out afile system from write-once information storage media, in which thelocation where a file system is recorded varies. In other words, areproduction compatibility problem may occur. Furthermore, since aconventional data recording and/or reproducing apparatus writes everyupdated file system in a different area of a write-once informationstorage medium, the conventional apparatus may spend much time insearching for a final file system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a method of overwriting data in awrite-once information storage medium incapable of physical overwritingand a data recording and/or reproducing apparatus therefor.

The present invention also provides a method of logically overwritingdata in a write-once information storage medium incapable of physicaloverwriting so that data is easily updated and/or read out, and a datarecording and/or reproducing apparatus therefor.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a method of overwritingdata in a write-once information storage medium comprises: receiving acommand to overwrite new data in a first area of the write-onceinformation storage medium where data has already been recorded;determining the first area as a defective area and recording the newdata in a second area; and recording updated defect managementinformation, including information about the locations of the first andsecond areas, in the write-once information storage medium.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a method of overwritingdata in a write-once information storage medium comprises: receiving alogical address to store new data from a host; determining whether afirst area with a physical address on the write-once information storagemedium corresponding to the logical address is occupied with data and,if the first area is occupied with data, determining the first area as adefective area and recording the new data in a second area with aphysical address different from the physical address of the first area;and recording updated defect management information, including thephysical addresses of the first and second areas, in the write-onceinformation storage medium.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a data recordingand/or reproducing apparatus is provided, including a writer/reader anda controller. The writer/reader writes data to the write-onceinformation storage medium or reads out the written data. When thecontroller receives a command to overwrite new data in a first area ofthe write-once information storage medium which is occupied with data,the controller determines the first area as a defective area andcontrols the writer/reader to record new data in a second area. Thecontroller controls the writer/reader to write updated defect managementinformation, including information about the locations of the first andsecond areas, in the write-once information storage medium.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a data recordingand/or reproducing apparatus is provided, including a writer/reader anda controller. The writer/reader writes data to the write-onceinformation storage medium or reads out the written data. The controllerreceives a logical address on the write-once information storage mediumto store new data from a host, and determines whether a first area witha physical address on the write-once information storage mediumcorresponding to the logical address is occupied with data. If the firstarea is occupied with data, the controller determines the first area asa defective area and controls the reader/writer to write the new data ina second area with a physical address different than the physicaladdress of the first area, and to write updated defect managementinformation, including the physical addresses of the first and secondareas, to the write-once information storage medium.

Additional aspects and/or advantages of the invention will be set forthin part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obviousfrom the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and/or other features and advantages of the present inventionwill become more apparent and more readily appreciated from thefollowing description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a data structure of a write-once information storagemedium having a single recording layer, according to an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates a data structure of a write-once information storagemedium having a single recording layer, according to another embodimentof the present invention;

FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate a data structure of a write-once informationstorage medium having two recording layers, according to still anotherembodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate directions in which spare areas are usedaccording to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a data recording and/or reproducingapparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6A through 6D illustrate a method of overwriting an updated filesystem in a write-once information storage medium 100, according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 illustrates a defect list produced by a first logical overwritingaccording to the embodiment of FIGS. 6A through 6D; and

FIG. 8 illustrates a defect list produced by a second logicaloverwriting according to the embodiment of FIGS. 6A through 6D.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the presentinvention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elementsthroughout. The embodiments are described below to explain the presentinvention by referring to the figures.

FIG. 1 illustrates a structure of a write-once disk information storagemedium 100 having a single recording layer, according to an embodimentof the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the storage medium 100comprises a lead-in zone 120, a data area 130 and a lead-out zone 140.An area 121 for recording both a temporary disc defect structure (TDDS)and a space bit map (SBM) is formed in the lead-in area 120. A separatearea 122 for a temporary defect list (TDFL) is also formed in thelead-in area 120. Spare areas 1 and 2 (133 and 134, respectively)allocated to manage temporary disc defects are formed at the head andrear of the data area 130, respectively, to have predetermined sizes.

Alternatively, the area 121 for both the TDDS and the SBM may be formedin at least one of the lead-out area 140 and the data area 130.

Temporary disc defect management, spare areas allocated for temporarydisc defect management, and an SBM will now be described in detail. Discdefect management denotes an operation in which, if a defect isgenerated in the user data recorded in a user data area 135, a new userdata corresponding to the defective user data is recorded to compensatefor the data lost due to the generated defect.

Disc defect managements are roughly classified as a disc defectmanagement using a linear replacement technique or a disc defectmanagement using a slipping replacement technique. In the linearreplacement technique, if a defect is generated in a user data area of adata area, the defective area is replaced by a non-defective spare areaallocated in the data area. In a slipping replacement technique, adefective area is skipped, i.e., not used, and instead a non-defectivearea is used.

The linear and slipping replacement techniques have been generallyapplied to information storage media that can record data several timesin a random accessing method, such as, DVD-RAM/RW.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the write-once information storage medium 100according to an embodiment of the present invention also allocates thespare areas 1 and 2 (133, 134) in the data area 130 to perform defectmanagement using the linear replacement technique. The spare areas 1 and2 (133, 134) in the data area 130 are allocated according to a commandof a data recording and/or reproducing apparatus or a host when thewrite-once information storage medium is initialized to be used.

When an information storage medium is loaded on a data recording and/orreproducing apparatus, the data recording and/or reproducing apparatusreads out information stored in lead-in and/or lead-out areas andascertains how to manage the medium and how to record or reproduce dataon the medium. As an amount of information recorded in the lead-inand/or lead-out areas increases, a time required for preparation fordata recording or reproduction, after information storage mediumloading, increases. To reduce the time required for data recordingand/or reproduction preparation, the write-once information storagemedium 100 of FIG. 1 uses temporary management data, which includes TDDSand TDFL.

A TDDS may include a TDDS identifier, an update counter, data about alocation where a final TDFL has been recorded, data about a locationwhere final disc and drive information has been recorded, data about asize of a spare area to replace a defective cluster, and the like.

A TDFL may include a TDFL identifier, an update counter, defect factors,a number of the defect factors, and the like. The defect factors includestate data, data about locations of defective clusters, and data aboutlocations of substitute clusters. The state data may indicate substitutedata, types of the defective clusters, and the like. The types ofdefective clusters may include defective clusters necessary to bereplaced, defective clusters unnecessary to be replaced, and clustersthat are likely to be defective, and the like.

The write-once information storage medium 100 of FIG. 1 stores an SBMwhich is “recording-status” data, which indicates whether data has beenrecorded in cluster units on the write-once information storage medium.The SBM is formed by allocating a bit value of 0 to occupied clustersand a bit value of 1 to unoccupied clusters.

Accordingly, a data recording and/or reproducing apparatus can quicklycheck the recording status of the write-once information storage medium100 of FIG. 1 by referring to a finally-updated SBM, thereby increasingan efficiency of the use of the medium.

Although the write-once information storage medium 100 of FIG. 1 storesthe SBM together with a TDDS in one cluster, the present invention isnot limited by this embodiment.

Since the SBM indicates whether data has been recorded in cluster unitsin the write-once information storage medium 100, the SBM must befinally updated after all other data including user data is recorded.

FIG. 2 illustrates a structure of a write-once information storagemedium 200 having a single recording layer, according to anotherembodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the storagemedium 200 comprises a lead-in zone 220, a data area 230 and a lead-outzone 240. A temporary disc management area (TDMA) 221 and an SBM area222 are separately allocated in the lead-in area 220. Spare areas 1 and2 (233 and 234, respectively) used for managing temporary disc defectsare allocated at the head and rear of the data area 230, respectively,to have predetermined sizes, and bound a user data area 235.

The TDMA area 221 is provided to store the TDDS and the TDFL and the SBMarea 222 is provided to store the space bit map data in a similar manneras described above.

FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate a data structure of a write-once informationstorage medium 300 having first and second recording layers L0 and L1,according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3Aillustrates a structure of the first recording layer L0, and FIG. 3Billustrates a structure of the second recording layer L1. The structureof FIG. 3A may be considered as a structure of a write-once recordingmedium having a single layer.

The data structure of the first recording layer L0 of FIG. 3A is similarto that of the write-once information storage medium 200 of FIG. 2except that the SBM is stored in a temporary defect management area(TDMA) 321, together with a TDDS and a TDFL, instead of being stored ina separate area. The structure of the second recording layer L1 of FIG.3B is the same as that of the first recording layer L0 of FIG. 3A. Aninner area 0 (321) comprises the TDMA 321 of the first recording layerL0 and an inner area 1 (350) comprises a TDMA 351 of the secondrecording layer L1. A data area 0 (330) comprises a spare area 1 (331),a user data area 333 and a spare area 2 (332). A data area 1 (360)comprises a spare area 3 (363), a user data area 365 and a spare area 4(364).

FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate directions in which spare areas (133, 134,233, 234, 331, 332, 363, 364) are used according to the presentinvention. FIG. 4A refers to a write-once recording medium (e.g., 100,200) having a single recording layer, and FIG. 4B refers to a write-oncerecording medium (e.g., 300) having two recording layers (i.e., firstand second recording layers). Referring to FIGS. 4A and 4B, in the firstrecording layer (or the single recording layer), a data area excludingspare areas, that is, the user data area (135, 235, 333), is used in adirection 401 from an inner boundary 402 to an outer boundary 403 of therecording medium (100, 200, 300). As shown in FIG. 4B, in the secondrecording layer, the user data area 365 is used in a direction 405 fromthe outer boundary 403 to the inner boundary 402 of the recording medium300.

As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, spare area 2 (134, 234, 332) is used in adirection 406 which is opposite to the recording direction 401 of userdata, that is, in the direction from the outer boundary 403 to the innerboundary 402 of the recording medium (100, 200, 300), so as to be easilyextended. As shown in FIG. 4B, spare area 4 (364) is used in a direction407 from the inner boundary 402 to the outer boundary 403 of therecording medium 300 so as to be easily extended.

As described below, a write-once information storage medium according tothe present invention may need a wider spare area than conventionalinformation storage media in order to perform logical overwriting usingdefect management according to the present invention. Accordingly, it ispreferable, but not necessary, to extend a spare area uponinitialization of the information storage medium or during use of theinformation storage medium. In order that a spare area may be extendedduring the use of the information storage medium, data is preferably,but not necessarily, recorded in the spare area in a direction oppositeto the recording direction of user data as illustrated in FIGS. 4A and4B.

Methods of overwriting data in the write-once information storage mediumaccording to two embodiments of the present invention, will now bedescribed with reference to the information storage medium 300 shown inFIGS. 3A and 3B.

In an overwriting method according to an embodiment of the presentinvention, data may be overwritten in a write-once information storagemedium incapable of being physically overwritten by using a logicaloverwriting technique.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a data recording and/or reproducingapparatus 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Asillustrated in FIG. 5, the apparatus 500 comprises a writer/reader 510,a controller 520, and a memory 530. The write-once information storagemedium (100, 200, 300) is the same as the write-once information storagemedium of FIG. 1, 2, or 3A and 38.

The writer/reader 510 writes data to the write-once information storagemedium 300 under control of the controller 520 and reads out the writtendata from the write-once information storage medium 300 to verify thesame.

Upon recording and/or reproducing of data on the write-once informationstorage medium 300, the controller 520 performs defect management usinga TDMA that is included in the write-once information storage medium300.

The controller 520 follows a verifying-after-writing course, in whichafter data is recorded in predetermined units in the write-onceinformation storage medium 300, the recorded data is verified to finddefective data. Accordingly, the controller 520 records user data inpredetermined units and verifies the recorded user data to identifydefective data. The controller 520 produces a TDFL, which indicates thearea where the defective data found during verification is stored, and aTDDS. The controller 520 stores the TDFL and the TDDS in the memory 530,collects a predetermined number of TDFLs and TDDSes, and writes thecollected TDFLs and TDDSes to the TDMA 321 allocated in the write-onceinformation storage medium 300.

The above-described overwriting of data in the write-once informationstorage medium 300 by the data recording and/or reproducing apparatus500 of FIG. 5 will now be described in greater detail by taking anupdated file system as an example of the data to be overwritten.

If the data recording and/or reproducing apparatus performs defectmanagement to record and/or reproduce data on a write-once informationstorage medium, a file system recorded on the write-once informationstorage medium may be updated by the defect management. In other words,the data recording and/or reproducing apparatus 500 receives data aboutan updated file system and a logical address of the write-onceinformation storage medium to store the updated file system data from ahost and then checks from the SBM whether a physical addresscorresponding to the logical address is occupied with data. The SBM ispreviously read out from the write-once information storage medium bythe writer/reader 510 and stored in the memory 530. If a determinationis made that the physical address is occupied with data, the area withthe physical address is determined as a defective area. Then, theupdated file system is recorded in a spare area allocated to replace adefective area.

If the data recording and/or reproducing apparatus 500 does not use suchan SBM, the recording and/or reproducing apparatus 500 may decide anoccupied area of data as a defective area through theverifying-after-writing method and then record the updated file systemin the spare area. Thereafter, an updated TDDS and an updated TDFL arerecorded in the TDMA 321.

FIGS. 6A through 6D illustrate a method of overwriting an updated filesystem in the write-once information storage medium 300. In the methoddescribed with reference to FIGS. 6A-6D, the first and second spareareas 331 and 332 are identified as SA1 and SA2 and are allocated at ahead and a rear of the data area (e.g., data area 330). Also, an areafor storing a file system is allocated to the head of a user data area(e.g., user data area 333).

In FIG. 6A, an initial file system FS #0 is recorded in an area rangingfrom the head of the user data area (333) to a predetermined location.In FIG. 6B, a first user data 601 is recorded next to the initial filesystem FS #0 in the user data area (333), and then a first updated filesystem FS #1 produced after defect management is recorded in the secondspare area SA2 according to the overwriting method of theabove-described embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 6C, a second userdata 602 is recorded next to the first user data 601 in the user dataarea (333), and then a second updated file system FS #2 is recorded nextto the first updated file system FS#1 in the second spare area SA2. InFIG. 6D, updated second user data 603 is recorded next to the seconduser data 602 in the user data area 335, and then a third updated filesystem FS #3 is recorded next to the second updated file system FS#2 inthe second spare area SA2.

The second spare area SA2 of FIG. 6D is extended from the second sparearea SA2 shown in FIGS. 6A through 6C. In other words, when the secondspare area SA2 of FIGS. 6A through 6C is used up as shown in FIG. 6C,the second spare area SA2 of FIGS. 6A through 6C may be extended byre-initializing the write-once information storage medium 300. To easilyextend a spare area such as the second spare area SA2, a direction inwhich the spare area is used, that is, a direction in which data isrecorded in the spare area, is made opposite to a direction in whichdata is recorded in a user data area (e.g., user data area 333).

Even though the above-described logical overwriting continues on anidentical logical sector number (LSN), the amount of data included in adefect list does not increase. For example, it is assumed that LSNscorresponding to physical sector numbers (PSNs) 100h to 1FFh in a userdata area are 00h through FFh and that an initial file system isrecorded in the PSNs 100h through 1FFh. An LSN indicates a logicalsector address, and a PSN indicates a physical sector address.

In this case, as additional user data is recorded in the write-onceinformation storage medium 300, a host issues a command to the datarecording and/or reproduction apparatus 500 of FIG. 5 to overwrite afirst updated file system in the LSNs 00h through FFh where the initialfile system has been recorded. The data recording and/or reproductionapparatus determines sectors corresponding to the PSNs 100h through 1FFhas defective areas if it is determined using an SBM or through averifying-after-writing process that the PSNs 100h throuqh 1FFhcorresponding to the LSNs 00h through FFh are occupied with data. Then,the data recording and/or reproduction apparatus records the firstupdated file system (FS #1) in a spare area (e.g., SA2). FIG. 7illustrates a defect list produced by a first logical overwriting in themethod of FIGS. 6A through 6D. Referring to FIG. 7, the sectorscorresponding to the PSNs 100h through 1FFh where the initial filesystem is recorded are determined as defective sectors, and substitutesectors for the defective sectors are PSNs 11FFFh through 11F00h in aspare area (e.g., SA2).

When a first updated file system is recorded in the sectors LSN 00hthrough FFh by a first logical overwriting and then additional user datais recorded on a write-once information storage medium, a host commandsthe data recording and/or reproducing apparatus to overwrite a secondupdated file system in the sectors LSN 00h through FFh. The datarecording and/or reproduction apparatus determines the sectorscorresponding to the PSNs 100h through 1FFh as defective areas when itis determined that the sectors corresponding to the LSNs 00h through FFhare occupied with data using an SBM or through a verifying-after-writingprocess. Then, the data recording and/or reproduction apparatus 500records the second updated file system (e.g., FS #2) in a spare area(e.g., SA2).

FIG. 8 illustrates a defect list produced by a second logicaloverwriting in the method of FIGS. 6A through 6D. Referring to FIG. 8,the sectors corresponding to the PSNs 100h through 1 FFh where theinitial file system is recorded are determined as defective sectors, andsubstitute sectors for the defective sectors are PSNs 11EFFh through 11E00h in a spare area (e.g., SA2).

As can be seen by comparing the defect lists of FIGS. 7 and 8, althougha defect list is generated every time overwriting is performed on anidentical LSN, only the PSN of the substitute sectors included in eachof the defect lists is changed without an increase in the amount of datacontained in each of the defect lists.

A method of overwriting data in a write-once information storage medium,according to another embodiment of the present invention, will now bedescribed. In this embodiment, the data overwriting is performed using afile system.

To perform this overwriting, the data recording and/or reproducingapparatus 500 of FIG. 5 receives a command from a host to reproduce datarecorded in sectors LSN Oh through FFh, accesses a PSN, for example,100h through 1FFh, corresponding to the LSN to read out data, andtransmits the read-out data to the host.

When the host tries to correct data received from the data recordingand/or reproducing apparatus and then record the corrected data in thewrite-once information storage medium or to additionally record the datareceived from the data recording and/or reproducing apparatus in thewrite-once information storage medium 300, the data recording and/orreproducing apparatus 500 transmits an SBM, defect information, and thelike to the host. The host distinguishes a data-recordable area from adata-unrecordable area in consideration of the state of a user data area(e.g. 333) to which data is logically allocated and the physicalrecording status of the user data area by referring to the SBM, thedefect information, and the like, thereby selecting an overwritablearea. In other words, a feature of the overwriting method according tothis embodiment of the invention is that the host selects anoverwritable area.

The overwriting method according to the latter embodiment of theinvention is suitable for write-once information storage media having auser data area with a large storage capacity. The overwriting methodaccording to the former embodiment of the invention can prevent aconsumption of a user data area by overwriting new data in a spare areafor use in defect management.

As described above, in the present invention, overwriting can beperformed in write-once information storage media, which is incapable ofphysical overwriting, by using a logical overwriting technique. Thus,data recorded in write-once information storage media may be changed orupdated. Also, when data required to be recorded in a fixed area of awrite-once information storage medium, for example, a file system, isupdated, the updated file system is recorded in a physical addressdifferent from the physical address where the original file system hasbeen recorded, but the logical address where the updated file system isrecorded is the same as that where the original file system has beenrecorded. Thus, the host recognizes that the file system is alwaysrecorded in a fixed area, thus easily accessing and reproducing the filesystem.

Although a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown anddescribed, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art thatchanges may be made in this embodiment without departing from theprinciples and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined inthe claims and their equivalents.

1. A method of reproducing data from a write-once information storage medium in which a logical address A corresponds to physical addresses B and C, the method comprising: receiving a command to reproduce data from the logical address A; and reproducing the data from one of the physical addresses B and C using a defect list recorded on the write-once information storage medium; wherein: the defect list comprises a defect entry comprising the physical address B as a physical address of a defect area, and the physical address C as a physical address of a replacement area; the data recorded at the physical address C comprises new data for updating the data recorded at the physical address B, and the defect area does not have a defect, but is designated as the defect area to update the data recorded at the physical address B.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the new data recorded at the physical address C updates the data recorded at the physical address B by using a logical overwriting.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the defect area was determined to be the defect area in a logical overwriting operation performed before the receiving of a command because the physical address B was already occupied with data when the logical overwriting operation was performed.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the write-once information storage medium has a structure that makes the write-once information storage medium incapable of being physically overwritten.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the write-once information storage medium has a structure that makes it impossible to write to any particular recordable area of the write-once information storage medium more than once.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the new data recorded at the physical address C is different from the data recorded at the physical address B.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the new data has been recorded at the physical address C by determining the physical address B corresponding to the logical address A as the defect area in response to a command to overwrite the new data at the logical address A where data has already been recorded.
 8. An apparatus for reproducing data from a write-once information storage medium in which a logical address A corresponds to physical addresses B and C, comprising: a reader to read data from the write-once information storage medium; and a controller to receive a command to reproduce data from the logical address A, and control the reader to read the data from one of the physical addresses B and C using a defect list recorded on the write-once information storage medium; wherein: the defect list comprises a defect entry comprising the physical address B as a physical address of a defect area, and the physical address C as a physical address of a replacement area; the data recorded at the physical address C comprises new data for updating the data recorded at the physical address B, and the defect area does not have a defect, but is designated as the defect area to update the data recorded at the physical address B.
 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the new data recorded at the physical address C updates the data recorded at the physical address B by using a logical overwriting.
 10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the defect area was determined by the controller to be the defect area in a logical overwriting operation performed by the controller before the controller received the command because the physical address B was already occupied with data when the controller performed the logical overwriting operation.
 11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the write-once information storage medium has a structure that makes the write-once information storage medium incapable of being physically overwritten.
 12. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the write-once information storage medium has a structure that makes it impossible to write to any particular recordable area of the write-once information storage medium more than once.
 13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the new data recorded at the physical address C is different from the data recorded at the physical address B.
 14. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the new data has been recorded at the physical address C by determining the physical address B corresponding to the logical address A as the defect area in response to a command to overwrite the new data at the logical address A where data has already been recorded. 